Software Engineering: A Layered Technology

1.    Software engineering is a layered technology. Various layers on which the technology is based are quality focus layer, process layer, methods layer, tools layer.

2.    A disciplined quality management is a backbone of software engineering technology.

3.    Process layer is a foundation of software engineering. Basically, process defines the framework for timely delivery of software.

4.    In method layer the actual method of implementation is carried out with the help of requirement analysis, designing, coding using desired programming constructs and testing.

5.    Software tools are used to bring automation in software development process.

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What is Software Engineering ?

Software engineering is the most important technology with rapid development. National economy is also dependent upon this technology.

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Product and Process Metrics

1.   Software product and process metrics are used to measure various characteristics of software process or product.

2.   Software product metrics measure the software development process and environment.

3.   Software process metric measure the software product.

4.   Examples of product metrics are – size, reliability, complexity and functionality.

5.   Examples of process metrics are – productivity, effort estimates, efficiency and failure rate.

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Capability Maturity Model (CMM)

 1.   The Capability Maturity Model (CMM) is used in assessing how well and organization’s processes allow to complete and manage new softwares projects.

2.   Various process maturity levels are –

a.     Initial – Few processes are defined and individual efforts are taken.

b.    Repeatable – Depending on earlier successes of projects with similar applications necessary process discipline can be repeated.

c.     Defined – All the projects use documented and approved version of software which is useful in Developing and supporting software.

d.    Managed – Both the software process and product are quantitatively understood and controlled using detailed measures.

e.     Optimizing – Establish mechanisms to plan and implement change. Innovative ideas and technologies can be tested.

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Software Process Customization

There are two types of software products-

1.   Generic software products – Generic software products can be developed for a general purpose. There is no specific target application for which such software can be developed. For example: Text editors, compilers or operating system are general software products.

2.   Customized software products – The customized software products are developed by focusing some target customers. As per the requirements and needs of specific customer the software product can be developed.

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